The serratus posterior superior is a muscle located in the upper back, just below the neck and above the middle section of the spine. Its primary role is relatively subtle compared to more prominent muscles like the biceps or abs, but it plays an important part in our body’s overall function.
This muscle originates from the lower part of the neck and the upper part of the middle spine, specifically from the spinous processes of the C7 to T3 vertebrae. From there, it extends outward and slightly downward to attach to the upper ribs, specifically the second to fifth ribs. Its fibrous strands are layered beneath other larger muscles that cover the upper back and rib cage.
The main function of the serratus posterior superior is to aid in the lifting of the ribs during the process of inhaling deeply. This makes it an accessory muscle in breathing, particularly during forceful inhalation or when the body demands more oxygen, like during exercise. By elevating the ribs, it increases the volume of the chest cavity, allowing the lungs to expand more fully.
While it’s not a muscle that dramatically changes in appearance with exercise, its health and functionality are crucial for efficient breathing, especially during physical activity. Strengthening the serratus posterior superior, along with other muscles involved in respiration and upper body movement, can help improve overall respiratory efficiency and contribute to better posture and reduced strain in the upper back. This can be achieved through exercises that focus on deep breathing and those that involve the upper back and shoulders, providing a stable and strong support for the upper spine and thoracic area.